WinEvents-An event system that enables servers to notify clients when an accessible object changes.Accessible Object-A logical UI element (such as a button) that is represented by an IAccessible COM interface and an integer ChildID.The following components comprise the Microsoft Active Accessibility architecture: The UI is represented as a hierarchy of accessible objects changes and actions are represented as WinEvents. The goal of Microsoft Active Accessibility is to expose basic information about custom controls such as control name, location on screen, and type of control, as well as state information such as visibility and enabled/disabled status. The Architecture: Microsoft Active Accessibility, UI Automation, and Interoperability
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Windows 7, Windows Internet Explorer 8, and Silverlight 2.0 are joining the pack soon. At Microsoft, the UI Automation specification is implemented on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), XPS Viewers, and many other upcoming Microsoft products. The ecosystem of Windows automation technologies, now called Windows Automation API, includes classic Microsoft Active Accessibility and Windows implementations of the UI Automation specification. The specification also allows in-process Microsoft Active Accessibility clients to access UI Automation provider interfaces directly, rather than through UI Automation client interface. The IAccessibleEx interface enables legacy Microsoft Active Accessibility servers to add support for specific UI Automation patterns and properties without rewriting their whole implementation. The new API also provides support for transitioning from Microsoft Active Accessibility servers to UI Automation providers. With Windows Automation API 3.0, you can finally write UI Automation clients entirely in unmanaged code. While UI Automation previously had both managed and unmanaged API for providers, the original release had no unmanaged interfaces for clients. UI Automation offers a richer set of properties, as well as a set of extended interfaces called control patterns to manipulate automation elements in ways Microsoft Active Accessibility cannot. Microsoft Active Accessibility offers a single COM interface with a fixed, small set of properties. However, Microsoft Active Accessibility refers to the application or control offering the UI for accessibility as the server, while UI Automation refers to this as the provider.
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Both refer to the accessibility tool or software automation program as the client. Microsoft Active Accessibility represents individual UI elements as accessible objects, and UI Automation represents them as automation elements. Both expose the UI object model as a tree hierarchy rooted at the desktop. The ecosystem of Windows automation technologies, now called Windows Automation API, includes classic Microsoft Active Accessibility and Windows implementations of the UI Automation specification.Īlthough the two technologies are different, the basic design principles are similar. UI Automation was introduced in Windows Vista® and. The new API is a Windows implementation of the User Interface Automation specification called UI Automation. The legacy API, Microsoft Active Accessibility, was introduced to Windows 95 as a platform add-on in 1996. Today, the Windows operating system offers two application programming interfaces (API) specifications for user interface accessibility and software test automation. Windows Automation API 3.0: a Bit of History This article provides a quick overview of Windows Automation API 3.0 featured in Windows 7. On the Windows® operating system, Microsoft® Active Accessibility® and User Interface (UI) Automation support this programmatic access. While general accessibility requirements (such as font colors in UI rendering) are important, programmatic access to the graphical user interface (GUI) is a crucial element to improving accessibility.
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